{"id":46145,"date":"2011-12-21T12:35:47","date_gmt":"2011-12-21T12:35:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/archivos\/46145"},"modified":"2011-12-21T12:35:47","modified_gmt":"2011-12-21T12:35:47","slug":"el-papel-economico-de-la-cultura-the-economic-role-of-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/el-papel-economico-de-la-cultura-the-economic-role-of-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"El papel econ\u00f3mico de la cultura \/ The economic role of culture"},"content":{"rendered":"

Autor:<\/strong> Jos\u00e9 Alberto L\u00f3pez<\/p>\n

Revista:<\/strong> L\u00c1PIZ Revista Internacional de Arte n\u00ba 268<\/p>\n\n

El papel económico de la cultura<\/p>\n

Aunque pudiera parecer lo contrario observando la dispendiosa participación de España y del tándem Cataluña-Islas Baleares en la actual Bienal de Venecia, que ya mereció nuestros comentarios en editoriales pasadas, lo cierto es que el arte y la cultura en general no escapan a la crisis, tanto en el sentido económico como en el de la desestabilización de las instituciones culturales. Como ejemplo podemos mencionar las cajas de ahorros españolas, las cuales han destinado tradicionalmente sus beneficios a obras sociales y culturales. Son entidades de crédito privadas y sin ánimo de lucro que carecen de accionistas y son administradas por representantes autonómicos y locales, pero muchas de ellas, ante su debilidad estructural, no han podido soportar la crisis económica y han tenido que \u00abbancarizarse\u00bb o fusionarse con otras cajas, o bien han sido intervenidas directamente por las autoridades monetarias debido a su mala gestión. De modo que una parte de la actividad cultural española promovida o patrocinada por las cajas de ahorro ha sufrido un abrupto descenso. Algo parecido cabe decir de las fundaciones patrocinadas por los bancos y de otras instituciones financieras o grandes empresas que simplemente han recortado los presupuestos destinados a la promoción cultural.<\/p>\n

Así, en el mundo cultural español, al recorte presupuestario de las administraciones públicas se suma el de las instituciones privadas, y en ambos casos se seguirán aplicando recortes previsiblemente en los próximos ejercicios. Y es que en este país se suele pensar que la cultura es un lujo que no produce riqueza, casi una veleidad, cuando en realidad aporta evidentes beneficios económicos: según la Cuenta Satélite de la Cultura, que mide el impacto económico del sector cultural en el conjunto de la economía española a través de indicadores económicos oficiales, la aportación de la cultura al Producto Interior Bruto (pib) español es aproximadamente del 3%, es decir, de casi 32.000 millones de euros. Los sectores que se han tomado en consideración son: Patrimonio, Archivos y bibliotecas, Libros y prensa, Artes plásticas, Artes escénicas y Audiovisual. Destaca el sector de \u00abLibros y prensa\u00bb, cuya aportación asciende al 40,9% del aporte del conjunto de actividades culturales. En resumen, el pib del sector cultural tiene un peso relativo superior al del sector energético (2,7%) y no está lejos del agrario (3,7%).<\/p>\n

Sin embargo, los sectores agrario y energético reciben unas ayudas incomparablemente más altas que las que recibe el sector cultural. Y aun así las ayudas destinadas a cultura son siempre vistas como dádivas innecesarias, sospechosas. Es uno de los graves prejuicios que en España soporta la cultura: el de ser considerada como una banalidad. Y, lamentablemente, ese prejuicio lastrará la recuperación económica de este país.<\/p>\n

The economic role of culture <\/strong><\/p>\n

Although it could seem otherwise by observing the expensive participation of Spain and of the Catalonia-Balearic Islands tandem in the current Venice Biennale, which was commented by us in past editorials, the truth is that art and culture do not generally escape the crisis, both in an economic sense as in that of the destabilisation of cultural institutions. For example, we can mention the Spanish savings banks known as \u00abcajas de ahorros\u00bb which traditionally assigned their benefits to social works and culture. These are non-profit private credit entities that do not have share-holders and are administered by local and autonomic representatives, but many of them, faced with structural weakness, have not been able to support the economic crisis and have had to become \u00abbanks\u00bb or merger with other savings banks, or have to be directly intervened by the financial authorities due to their bad management. That way part of the Spanish cultural activity promoted or sponsored by the savings banks has suffered an abrupt reduction. Something similar has happened to the foundations sponsored by the banks and other financial institutions or large companies that simply have had to reduce the budgets assigned to cultural promotion.<\/p>\n

That way, in the Spanish cultural world, the budgetary cuts of the public administrations is added to that of private institutions, and in both cases, these cuts will continue to be applied during the coming years. Because in this country people usually think that culture is a luxury that does not produce wealth, nearly a fickleness, when really it provides evident economic benefits: according to the Cuenta Satélite de la Cultura, that measures the economic impact of the cultural sector on the entire Spanish economy through official economic indicators, the contribution of culture to the Spanish Gross Domestic Product (gdp) is approximately 3%, that is to say, nearly 32,000 million Euros. The sectors taken into consideration are Heritage, Archives and Libraries, Books and Press, Visual Arts, Performing and Audiovisual fields. The \u00abBooks and Press\u00bb stands out with a contribution of 40.9% of the entire contributions from cultural activities. Summarising the gdp of the cultural sector has a relevant weight above that of the energy sector (2.7%) and not far from that of the agricultural sector (3.7%).<\/p>\n

Nevertheless, the agricultural and energetic sectors receive grants that are incomparably higher than those received by the cultural sector.  Even so, the grants assigned to culture are always seen as unnecessary, suspicious gifts.  This is one of the serious prejudices that culture suffers in Spain: that of being considered as a banality.  Moreover, regrettably, that prejudice will weigh down the economic recovery of this country.<\/p>\n

Translation: Nigel Greenwood<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Autor: Jos\u00e9 Alberto L\u00f3pez Revista: L\u00c1PIZ Revista Internacional de Arte n\u00ba 268 El papel económico de la cultura Aunque pudiera parecer lo contrario observando la dispendiosa participación de España y del tándem Cataluña-Islas Baleares en la actual Bienal de Venecia, que ya mereció nuestros comentarios en editoriales pasadas, lo cierto es que el arte y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[444,351,400],"class_list":["post-46145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articulos","tag-arte","tag-articulo-html","tag-lapiz-revista-internacional-de-arte"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46145"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48370,"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46145\/revisions\/48370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/formacionsimple.com\/revistasculturales\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}